Reflection of light simulation - Using the Interactive. The Plane Mirror Images Interactive is shown in the iFrame below. There is a small hot-spot in the lower-right corner of the iFrame. Dragging this hot-spot allows you to change the size of iFrame to whatever dimensions you prefer. Now available with Task Tracker compatibility. Learn more.

 
The Plane Mirror Images simulation blends an interactive Tutorial with an interactive simulation. Students will learn about the law of reflection and how it can be used to determine the location and characteristics of an image formed by a plane mirror.. Mario 3d world 4 2 stars

This is a 60 to 90 min. worksheet related to the concept of refraction and total internal reflection with simulations activities. Students can observe, examine, explore and connect the simulations to the concepts and would have a better understanding of the behaviour of the light rays in prisms with different shapes. Subject PhysicsMar 3, 2021 · Regular and Diffused Reflection. The light gets reflected from the surfaces. Any surface which is polished or in other words is shiny always acts like a mirror. The observation of light bouncing off the surfaces is termed reflection. The light after reflection travels in the same medium from where the ray was incident on the surface. Explore bending of light between two media with different indices of refraction. See how changing from air to water to glass changes the bending angle. Play with prisms of different shapes and make rainbows.The phenomenon observed in this part of the lab is known as total internal reflection. Total internal reflection, or TIR as it is intimately called, is the reflection of the total amount of incident light at the boundary between two media. TIR is the topic of focus in Lesson 3. To understand total internal reflection, we will begin with a ... Simulate the reflection of light on a mirror. Mirror (Curved) A mirror whose shape is curved. Can be circular, parabolic, or defined by a custom equation y = f (x). Ideal curved mirror The idealized "curved" mirror which obeys exactly the mirror equation (1/p + 1/q = 1/f). The focal length (in pixels) can be set directly. Beam SplitterYou can explore the color appearance of a person and of the shadows creating by that person on a white screen with our Colored Shadows simulation. Filtering Away. A color filter is a transparent film that absorbs a range of wavelengths of light. Looking at the world through a color filter will change the color appearance of objects.cal simulation of light scattering by multiple wavelength-sized particles near or between planar interfaces. It im-plements the superposition T-matrix method [15, 16, 17] Krzysztof Czajkowski and Dominik Theobald contributed equally to this work. Figure 1: Artistic visualization of a Gaussian beam scattered by multiple particles on a substrate.Description Simulation of image formation in concave and convex mirrors. Move the tip of the Object arrow or the point labeled focus. Move the arrow to the right side of the mirror to get a convex mirror.The lighting simulation software is primarily used in illumination design to simulate and optimize light pipes, and light guides, and non-imaging lenses and mirrors. TracePro is also a powerful tool for analysis of aspects of imaging systems such as stray light analysis and polarization effects. With its full set of features, designers can ...https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/bending-light/latest/bending-light_en.htmlThe light rays from an actual object bounce off the mirror to give a virtual image. With a flat mirror, the real object and the virtual object are symmetric and appear to be at the same distance on either side of the plane of the mirror. Symmetry rules at work in the reflection process explain how an image is formed by a plane mirror. Object A ... Regular and Diffused Reflection. The light gets reflected from the surfaces. Any surface which is polished or in other words is shiny always acts like a mirror. The observation of light bouncing off the surfaces is termed reflection. The light after reflection travels in the same medium from where the ray was incident on the surface.Reflection and Refraction of Light. A ray of light coming from the top left strikes the boundary surface of two media. (It is possible to choose the substances in both lists.) The medium which has the bigger index of refraction is painted blue, the other yellow. You can vary the incident ray with pressed mouse button.Lay the mirror flat on the table with the shiny side up. Hold the flashlight at an angle pointing down toward the mirror. Explain to students that the light will be reflected off the mirror. Their task is to use the construction paper to catch the reflected light in order to pinpoint exactly where it goes.Founded in 2002 by Nobel Laureate Carl Wieman, the PhET Interactive Simulations project at the University of Colorado Boulder creates free interactive math and science simulations. PhET sims are based on extensive education <a {0}>research</a> and engage students through an intuitive, game-like environment where students learn through exploration and discovery. Dec 20, 1997 · Reflection and Refraction of Light. A ray of light coming from the top left strikes the boundary surface of two media. (It is possible to choose the substances in both lists.) The medium which has the bigger index of refraction is painted blue, the other yellow. You can vary the incident ray with pressed mouse button. The lighting simulation software is primarily used in illumination design to simulate and optimize light pipes, and light guides, and non-imaging lenses and mirrors. TracePro is also a powerful tool for analysis of aspects of imaging systems such as stray light analysis and polarization effects. With its full set of features, designers can ...How does a lens or mirror form an image? See how light rays are refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror. Observe how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, or move the screen. Convex Mirror Images. The Convex Mirror Image Formation Interactive provides learners with a virtual light box for exploring the reflection of light off convex mirrors and the manner in which such reflection leads to the formation of an image of a complex object. Learners tap on various points upon an object. A ray diagram is quickly ...In/Post-Class Activity, Bending Light, PhET. Description. This is a 60 to 90 min. worksheet related to the concept of refraction and reflection with conceptual questions and simulations activities. Students can observe, examine, explore and connect the simulations to the concepts and would have a better understanding of bending/refracting light ...By converting our sims to HTML5, we make them seamlessly available across platforms and devices. Whether you have laptops, iPads, chromebooks, or BYOD, your favorite PhET sims are always right at your fingertips.Become part of our mission today, and transform the learning experiences of students everywhere!Then follow it up with the Concept Checkers: Our Refraction simulation is now available with two Concept Checkers - one focuses on refraction and the direction of bending; it complements Activity #1 (above). The other focuses on total internal reflection and the critical angle; it complements Activity #3 (above). Do the simulation.Mar 25, 2020 · Download all files as a compressed .zip. Title. Virtual Lab - Investigating Refraction of Light. Description. Three short virtual lab investigations. 1) Validating Snell's Law, 2) Describing the intensity of the reflected and refracted rays and 3) determining the refractive index of a mystery metal. Subject. Launch Interactive. Learners are encouraged to open the Interactive and Explore. An activity sheet is not needed for this Interactive. Our Who Can See Who? simulation is now available with a Concept Checker. Do the simulation. Then follow it up with the Concept Checker. Learners and Instructors may be interested in viewing the accompanying ...oPhysics. Select a simulation from one of the above categories or click on a category to see descriptions of the simulations for that category. Hydrogen Energy Levels. This is a simulation of an atomic energy level diagram of the hydrogen atom.By converting our sims to HTML5, we make them seamlessly available across platforms and devices. Whether you have laptops, iPads, chromebooks, or BYOD, your favorite PhET sims are always right at your fingertips.Become part of our mission today, and transform the learning experiences of students everywhere! Simulate the reflection of light on a mirror. Mirror (Curved) A mirror whose shape is curved. Can be circular, parabolic, or defined by a custom equation y = f (x). Ideal curved mirror The idealized "curved" mirror which obeys exactly the mirror equation (1/p + 1/q = 1/f). The focal length (in pixels) can be set directly. Beam Splitter Light. Light Mixing; Color Pigment Mixing; Polarization of Light; Double Slit Diffraction and Interference; Double Slit Interference; Diffraction Grating Laser Lab; Thin Film interference; Reflection and Refraction; Dispersion of Light; Plane Mirrors; Concave and Convex Mirrors; iPad Spherical Mirror Simulation; Concave and Convex Lenses; Lens ...Enhance productivity with 3DOptix, Optical design and Simulation software. Ray Optics describes light propagation in terms of “rays” and is commonly concerned with how light is propagated, reflected, and refracted and the formation of images. The “ray” in geometric optics is an abstraction, or “instrument”, which can be used to ... This is a simulation to illustrate the processes involved in the formation of images in plane mirrors. When the control points are visible, you can move the object (the blue arrow), the four points where the (blue) incident rays strike the mirror, as well as the two ends of the mirror itself.Ellipse Reflection Model. Move the points. Adjust number of segments. Press Play. This is a computer model of how sound (or light, etc) reflects inside an ellipse. Points "F" and "G" are the focus points of the ellipse. Example: Stand at one focus point in an elliptical room. A friend could stand at the other focus point and whisper: you would ...oPhysics. Select a simulation from one of the above categories or click on a category to see descriptions of the simulations for that category. Hydrogen Energy Levels. This is a simulation of an atomic energy level diagram of the hydrogen atom. Explain how an image is formed by a converging lens or flat mirror using ray diagrams. Determine how changing the parameters of a lens (focal length, diameter) affects where the image is formed and how it appears (magnification, brightness, and inversion). Predict where an image will be formed given the object distance and optic parameters.The angle of incidence in the water is approximately 39°. At this angle, the light refracts out of the water into the surrounding air bending away from the normal. The angle of refraction in the air is approximately 57°. These values for the angle of incidence and refraction are consistent with Snell's Law.Advanced Physics. Advanced Physics questions and answers. EXPERIMENT -5: GEOMETRICAL OPTICS USING PHET SIMULATIONS Rev 3-14-2020 OBJECTIVE To study the reflection of light on flat and curved surfaces, and refraction of light though different shapes, and to find the focal length of a convex lens. EQUIPMENT PhET simulation Bending Light: htts ...This Interactive tool allows the user to explore the reflection and refraction of light at a boundary. Users can choose from some pre-selected materials or choose a customized index of refraction value. Angles of incidence, reflection, and refraction can be measured with a built-in protractor.Welcome to Ray Optics Simulation. To add an optical component, select a tool and click the blank space. To load an example, please go to the Gallery page. File: Undo Redo Reset Save Open Export Get Link View Gallery. Tools: Ray Beam Point source Blockers Mirrors Glasses Ruler Protractor Detector Text Move view. View: Aug 13, 2020 · 6.3.2: Refraction Simulation. The ratio of the speed of light in a material to the speed in a vacuum ( c = 3.0 ×108 m/s c = 3.0 × 10 8 m/s) is called the index of refraction; n = c/v n = c / v where v v is the speed of light in the medium. In this simulation we will investigate the effects of a change in the speed of a wave as it moves from ... The manner in which light is reflected from a surface depends on the surface’s smoothness. Light that is reflected from a rough, textured surface, such as paper, cloth, or unpolished wood, is reflected in many different directions, as shown in Fig 1(a). This type of reflection is called diffuse reflection.Light from the sun for example is composed of 7 distinct colors of light, and white light can be created with just three colors; blue, green and red light. Test your understanding and self-check Open the full B end i ng Li g ht simulation 6. This is a simple simulation showing the reflection and refraction of a ray of light as it attempts to move from one medium to another. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of each of the two materials, as well as the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray of light and the normal to the surface).Description. Prism color dispersion, ala Pink Floyd. Move the white dot to change the orientation of the incident ray of white light. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of the surrounding material (n1), the red light index of refraction of the prism (nred), and the percent difference between the index of refraction of the prism ...By converting our sims to HTML5, we make them seamlessly available across platforms and devices. Whether you have laptops, iPads, chromebooks, or BYOD, your favorite PhET sims are always right at your fingertips.Become part of our mission today, and transform the learning experiences of students everywhere! Join photographer Nicholas on his expedition to Antarctica to photograph the wildlife. In this simulation, you will learn about the wave-like behaviors of light. When light travels from one medium into another, the rays can reflect off of the surface. Depending on the angle and the media, the light can also refract.Advanced Physics. Advanced Physics questions and answers. EXPERIMENT -5: GEOMETRICAL OPTICS USING PHET SIMULATIONS Rev 3-14-2020 OBJECTIVE To study the reflection of light on flat and curved surfaces, and refraction of light though different shapes, and to find the focal length of a convex lens. EQUIPMENT PhET simulation Bending Light: htts ...Hi Students and Teachers! Here is a tutorial on how to run the Reflection and Refraction Simulation. I hope this is helpful. Remember: This is Fine and I Can... Aug 13, 2020 · 6.3.2: Refraction Simulation. The ratio of the speed of light in a material to the speed in a vacuum ( c = 3.0 ×108 m/s c = 3.0 × 10 8 m/s) is called the index of refraction; n = c/v n = c / v where v v is the speed of light in the medium. In this simulation we will investigate the effects of a change in the speed of a wave as it moves from ... Jul 21, 2020 · In/Post-Class Activity, Bending Light, PhET. Description. This is a 60 to 90 min. worksheet related to the concept of refraction and reflection with conceptual questions and simulations activities. Students can observe, examine, explore and connect the simulations to the concepts and would have a better understanding of bending/refracting light ... The angle between the reflected ray and the normal is known as the angle of reflection. (These two angles are labeled with the Greek letter "theta" accompanied by a subscript; read as "theta-i" for angle of incidence and "theta-r" for angle of reflection.) The law of reflection states that when a ray of light reflects off a surface, the angle ...cal simulation of light scattering by multiple wavelength-sized particles near or between planar interfaces. It im-plements the superposition T-matrix method [15, 16, 17] Krzysztof Czajkowski and Dominik Theobald contributed equally to this work. Figure 1: Artistic visualization of a Gaussian beam scattered by multiple particles on a substrate.PhET waves intro has three animations that link to water waves, sound and light and introduce the terms frequency and amplitude. The water wave animation can also be used to replicate part of the GCSE waves required practical. Measuring the wavelength and speed of water waves using method 2 (can be done using baking trays or other suitable ...Ellipse Reflection Model. Move the points. Adjust number of segments. Press Play. This is a computer model of how sound (or light, etc) reflects inside an ellipse. Points "F" and "G" are the focus points of the ellipse. Example: Stand at one focus point in an elliptical room. A friend could stand at the other focus point and whisper: you would ... White light is made up of light rays with different wavelengths which we see as various colors. When light refracts, the amount of bending depends upon the light's wavelength. It is maximum for violet and minimum for red. Hence white light splits into different colored rays, each with different amount of bending, when passing through a prism.The reflection of light can be roughly categorized into two types of reflection: specular reflection is defined as light reflected from a smooth surface at a definite angle, and diffuse reflection, which is produced by rough surfaces that tend to reflect light in all directions (as illustrated in Figure 1). There are far more occurrences of ...Enhance productivity with 3DOptix, Optical design and Simulation software. Ray Optics describes light propagation in terms of “rays” and is commonly concerned with how light is propagated, reflected, and refracted and the formation of images. The “ray” in geometric optics is an abstraction, or “instrument”, which can be used to ... This pathway provides resources for understanding motion in one dimension. The fundamentals of vector and scalars are covered, and the key concepts of position, displacement, speed, velocity and acceleration are explained. The pathway concludes with a series of questions to test understanding of the topic. 6 Favorites.PhET waves intro has three animations that link to water waves, sound and light and introduce the terms frequency and amplitude. The water wave animation can also be used to replicate part of the GCSE waves required practical. Measuring the wavelength and speed of water waves using method 2 (can be done using baking trays or other suitable ...Jul 21, 2020 · In/Post-Class Activity, Bending Light, PhET. Description. This is a 60 to 90 min. worksheet related to the concept of refraction and reflection with conceptual questions and simulations activities. Students can observe, examine, explore and connect the simulations to the concepts and would have a better understanding of bending/refracting light ... Jun 2, 2020 · This experiment contains two parts to be done, which are: Part I:This part defines the reflection and refraction laws of light and use Snell’s law to calculate the index of refraction of unknown material. Part II: This part defines the meaning of the critical angle and the total internal reflection and use the critical angle to calculate the ... This app is a sort of tutorial which explains the reflection and the refraction of waves by the principle of Huygens. Explanations of each of the steps are provided in the text box. Whenever a step is finished, press the "Next step" button! You can stop and continue the simulation by using the "Pause / Resume" button.This is a simple simulation showing the reflection and refraction of a ray of light as it attempts to move from one medium to another. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of each of the two materials, as well as the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray of light and the normal to the surface).Convex Mirror Images. The Convex Mirror Image Formation Interactive provides learners with a virtual light box for exploring the reflection of light off convex mirrors and the manner in which such reflection leads to the formation of an image of a complex object. Learners tap on various points upon an object. A ray diagram is quickly ...oPhysics. Select a simulation from one of the above categories or click on a category to see descriptions of the simulations for that category. Hydrogen Energy Levels. This is a simulation of an atomic energy level diagram of the hydrogen atom.Description. This is a visual simulation of the reflection of a wave pulse. Use the check boxes choose between a fixed end (bouncing off a more rigid medium) or a free end (bouncing off a less rigid medium). Use the other check boxes to show or hide the undisturbed incident and reflected waves, so that you can see how their superposition causes ... You can explore the color appearance of a person and of the shadows creating by that person on a white screen with our Colored Shadows simulation. Filtering Away. A color filter is a transparent film that absorbs a range of wavelengths of light. Looking at the world through a color filter will change the color appearance of objects. Lay the mirror flat on the table with the shiny side up. Hold the flashlight at an angle pointing down toward the mirror. Explain to students that the light will be reflected off the mirror. Their task is to use the construction paper to catch the reflected light in order to pinpoint exactly where it goes.6.3.2: Refraction Simulation. The ratio of the speed of light in a material to the speed in a vacuum ( c = 3.0 ×108 m/s c = 3.0 × 10 8 m/s) is called the index of refraction; n = c/v n = c / v where v v is the speed of light in the medium. In this simulation we will investigate the effects of a change in the speed of a wave as it moves from ...Using the Interactive. The Plane Mirror Images Interactive is shown in the iFrame below. There is a small hot-spot in the lower-right corner of the iFrame. Dragging this hot-spot allows you to change the size of iFrame to whatever dimensions you prefer. Now available with Task Tracker compatibility. Learn more. The reflection of light can be roughly categorized into two types of reflection: specular reflection is defined as light reflected from a smooth surface at a definite angle, and diffuse reflection, which is produced by rough surfaces that tend to reflect light in all directions (as illustrated in Figure 1). There are far more occurrences of ...The Interactive consists of two parts. Part 1 is titled How do light rays reflect? This part introduces the law of reflection and addresses the manner in which light reflects off a plane mirror. Part 2 is titled How do images form in plane (flat) mirrors? This part investigates the interaction between light from the object and the observer's eye. This is a simple simulation showing the reflection and refraction of a ray of light as it attempts to move from one medium to another. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of each of the two materials, as well as the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray of light and the normal to the surface).This is a simple simulation showing the reflection and refraction of a ray of light as it attempts to move from one medium to another. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of each of the two materials, as well as the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray of light and the normal to the surface).Founded in 2002 by Nobel Laureate Carl Wieman, the PhET Interactive Simulations project at the University of Colorado Boulder creates free interactive math and science simulations. PhET sims are based on extensive education <a {0}>research</a> and engage students through an intuitive, game-like environment where students learn through exploration and discovery.S3P-2-07 Summarize the early evidence for Newton’s particle model of light. Include: propagation, reflection, refraction, dispersion S3P-2-08 Experiment to show the particle model of light predicts that the velocity of light in a refractive medium is greater than the velocity of light in an incident medium (vr > vi).oPhysics. Select a simulation from one of the above categories or click on a category to see descriptions of the simulations for that category. Hydrogen Energy Levels. This is a simulation of an atomic energy level diagram of the hydrogen atom.How does a lens or mirror form an image? See how light rays are refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror. Observe how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, or move the screen.https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/bending-light/latest/bending-light_en.html 3D (using VR) Real image and virtual image Looking at an object, we feel there is an object in it. By the way, if you feel that there is something, we say there is an ‘image’, even if there is no real object... Search Simulations. 한국어.The law of reflection states that the angle of reflection (θ r) equals the angle of incidence (θ i), θ r = θ i (1) The normal, incident ray and reflected ray all lie in the same plane (Fig. 1). In this lab, you will study the image formation by plane mirrors using an online simulation (Fig. 2 below). Fig. 1: Reflection of light from a ... The Plane Mirror Images Interactive is a skill-building tool that allows the user to explore the formation of images in plane mirrors. It makes a wonderful complement to lab activities on the law of reflection and the characteristics of plane mirror images. The Interactive takes a Tutorial approach to these topics.

This is a simple simulation showing the reflection and refraction of a ray of light as it attempts to move from one medium to another. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of each of the two materials, as well as the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray of light and the normal to the surface). . 2021 chevy traverse remote start

reflection of light simulation

How does a lens or mirror form an image? See how light rays are refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror. Observe how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, or move the screen. 3D (using VR) Real image and virtual image Looking at an object, we feel there is an object in it. By the way, if you feel that there is something, we say there is an ‘image’, even if there is no real object... Search Simulations. 한국어.oPhysics. Kinematics. Polarization of Light. Description. This is a simulation intended to help visualize polarization. A polarizing filter has a particular transmission axis and only allows light waves aligned with that axis to pass through. In this simulation unpolarized waves pass through a vertical slit, leaving only their vertical components. Join photographer Nicholas on his expedition to Antarctica to photograph the wildlife. In this simulation, you will learn about the wave-like behaviors of light. When light travels from one medium into another, the rays can reflect off of the surface. Depending on the angle and the media, the light can also refract. Bending of light Objective: The objectives of this lab activities are : To study the law of reflection and refraction of light using different media To study the phenomenon and condition of total internal reflection To observe the dispersion of light by prism and refraction of light by different kinds of lens Introduction: The law of reflection of light states that when light bounces off from ... The refractive index is a property of a medium through which light can pass. Its value is calculated from the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to that in the medium. For example, the refractive index of glass is 1.516 and that of water is 1.333. The amount of bending of light during refraction depends on the difference between the ...Mar 3, 2021 · Regular and Diffused Reflection. The light gets reflected from the surfaces. Any surface which is polished or in other words is shiny always acts like a mirror. The observation of light bouncing off the surfaces is termed reflection. The light after reflection travels in the same medium from where the ray was incident on the surface. The light rays from an actual object bounce off the mirror to give a virtual image. With a flat mirror, the real object and the virtual object are symmetric and appear to be at the same distance on either side of the plane of the mirror. Symmetry rules at work in the reflection process explain how an image is formed by a plane mirror. Object A ... The law of reflection states that the angle of reflection (θ r) equals the angle of incidence (θ i), θ r = θ i (1) The normal, incident ray and reflected ray all lie in the same plane (Fig. 1). In this lab, you will study the image formation by plane mirrors using an online simulation (Fig. 2 below). Fig. 1: Reflection of light from a ... White light is made up of light rays with different wavelengths which we see as various colors. When light refracts, the amount of bending depends upon the light's wavelength. It is maximum for violet and minimum for red. Hence white light splits into different colored rays, each with different amount of bending, when passing through a prism.This pathway provides resources for understanding motion in one dimension. The fundamentals of vector and scalars are covered, and the key concepts of position, displacement, speed, velocity and acceleration are explained. The pathway concludes with a series of questions to test understanding of the topic. 6 Favorites. Launch Interactive. Learners are encouraged to open the Interactive and Explore. An activity sheet is not needed for this Interactive. Our Who Can See Who? simulation is now available with a Concept Checker. Do the simulation. Then follow it up with the Concept Checker. Learners and Instructors may be interested in viewing the accompanying ... Bending of light Objective: The objectives of this lab activities are : To study the law of reflection and refraction of light using different media To study the phenomenon and condition of total internal reflection To observe the dispersion of light by prism and refraction of light by different kinds of lens Introduction: The law of reflection of light states that when light bounces off from ... How does a lens or mirror form an image? See how light rays are refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror. Observe how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, or move the screen. Jun 2, 2020 · This experiment contains two parts to be done, which are: Part I:This part defines the reflection and refraction laws of light and use Snell’s law to calculate the index of refraction of unknown material. Part II: This part defines the meaning of the critical angle and the total internal reflection and use the critical angle to calculate the ... How does a lens or mirror form an image? See how light rays are refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror. Observe how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, or move the screen.The Plane Mirror Images simulation blends an interactive Tutorial with an interactive simulation. Students will learn about the law of reflection and how it can be used to determine the location and characteristics of an image formed by a plane mirror.The manner in which light is reflected from a surface depends on the surface’s smoothness. Light that is reflected from a rough, textured surface, such as paper, cloth, or unpolished wood, is reflected in many different directions, as shown in Fig 1(a). This type of reflection is called diffuse reflection..

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